Question no 4016 : Transaction Event Key for Stock Posting

In SAP Material Management, which of the following Transaction Event Key is designated for Posting to the Stocks Account ? 

(only one answer)

A. GBB

B. BSX

C. BSC

D. STK

E. WRX

.

Answer: B

SAP MM - Source Determination with Contract in the Source List and Auto PO

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SAP TM - Steps in "Calculate Rate Table Definition"

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Q&A in Class (2024-09-26) S4611

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Question: What is the Planning Profile usage and configuration menu/fiori ?

Answer: a Planning Profile is assigned to the Freight Order Type and it has the following purpose: 

• Planning horizon - the planning horizon defines the possible period of time in which the system can schedule transportation activities (for example, loading and unloading, transport).
• Profile assignments - selection profile with which you can select freight orders or freight bookings.
• Parallel processing profiles - parallel processing profiles for different functions, such as distance and duration determination and package building.
• Business document type - specify a standard business document type or a condition with which the business document type is to be determined.
• Planning strategies (see Process Controller Configuration) - specify the standard strategy or use your own strategy. You can add additional methods to the standard strategy.
• Manual planning (standard strategy VSRI_DEF) - define this strategy in the manual planning settings.
• Scheduling (standard strategy VSS_DEF) - define this strategy in the scheduling settings.
• Checks (standard strategy VSR_CHECK) - system checks capacities, incompatibilities, and multi-resources, and it performs a dangerous goods check.
• VSR optimization (standard strategies VSR_DEF and VSR_1STEP) - define this strategy in the optimizer settings.
• Load planning (standard strategy ALP_DEF) - define this strategy in the settings for load planning.
• Generating transportation proposals (standard strategies VSR_DEF and VSR_1STEP) - define this strategy in the optimizer settings.
• Loading and unloading durations
• Package building - enter a package building profile. For more information, see Package Building.
• Creating package units based on package building for freight units - enter a rule for creating package units (optional) and a default package unit type (mandatory). These settings are taken into account if the system creates first packages and then package units for freight units for which you have selected Exclusive Package for Customer. This means that the package units only receive products for a specific customer. To use the function, you must also enter a package building profile. For more information, see Use of Package Units in Planning.
• Capacity selection settings - choose the required capacities such as resources. If you use resources for which you have defined an ADR limit, VSR optimization takes into account the number of ADR points for this resource during the optimization run (see ADR 1.1.3.6 Points Check Calculation). Moreover, you can specify that resources for which you have set a planning block are displayed in the resource lists of the transportation cockpit.
• Optimizer settings - define the optimizer runtime, the maximum number of transshipment locations and processes, and the freight order building rule (see Freight Order Building Rule), for example. You also specify whether you require rough or detailed information for your planning activities (see Rough-Cut Planning), define the required process controller strategy, and configure the settings for generating transportation proposals (see Generation of Transportation Proposals).
• Settings for load optimization - define the optimizer runtime, the planning strategy, and various rules for load planning. For example, you can define the maximum height difference between stacks in a row.
• Constraints and costs settings (including cost functions) - define costs related to freight units and means of transport. In most cases, these costs are not actual costs. They simply offer a means of controlling the result of the optimization run (for example, earliness costs and lateness costs). For more information, see Constraints and Costs Settings.
• Carrier selection settings - specify whether the system is to use transportation allocations or business shares

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Question:  What it the relationship between the EWM "TU" (Transportation Unit) against the TM "FU" (Freight Unit) and the "HU" (Handling Unit) ? 

Answer:  First, some definitions:

"SKU" (Stock Keeping Unit)

An SKU (Stock Keeping Unit) is a unique identifier for each product in inventory. In SAP, it is the "Material Master". Essentially an alphanumeric code (40 in S/4HANA) that helps the businesses track their stock and manage inventory in a certain UOM (Unit of Measure) like "PC (Pieces") or "KG (Kilogram" etc. SKU codes (Material Master) are used across industries, from retail to manufacturing, to simplify inventory management and streamline the sales process.

"HU" (Handling Unit)

Handling units (HUs) in a warehouse can be in the form of pallets, wire baskets, containers, trucks, and so on. Products packed inside a single layer of packaging material is a simple HU. You can pack multiple simple HUs inside another packaging material to create a new HU, called a nested HU.

Basically, HU's can be created for all 3 scenarios of Storage in:

• IM (Inventory Management)
• Classic WM (Stock Room Management in S/4)
• EWM

Which means that the user can packed inbound materials and outbound materials in all 3 scenarios above. 

FU (Freight Unit)

Freight Unit (FU) is a physical unit representing cargo that needs to be transported, such as the SKU (Material Master) in an PO, Sales Order, Inbound Delivery or Outbound Delivery. The SKU's can be packed in HUs (in IM, WM or EWM) before consolidated in a Freight Unit. 

TU (Transportation Unit)

Transportation Unit (TU) is something that needs to be transported (can be 1 or more FUs) which is the Cargo and uses a piece of equipment to carry that cargo (like a Container). A Transportation Unit can contain a Freight Unit if the freight unit is required to be handled individually somewhere (example in the case when unloading a container at the port and break up before further transportation) but in some cases can also be used without a Freight Unit in it if you don't need to handle the Freight Unit individually (e.g. in a full container load scenario). Examples of TUs can be Trailer Unit, Rail Car Unit or Container Units. 

One perhaps can think of the following hierarchy where

A basic TM without WM or EWM (only IM) and without HU can be:

SKU > FU (Freight Unit) > FO (Freight Order)

IM or Classic WM with HU

SKU > HU > FU (Freight Unit) > FO (Freight Order)

EWM with HU

SKU > Simple HU > FU (Freight Unit) > TU (Freight Unit) > FU (Freight Order)

.

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Question:  What are the Main Documents in SAP Basic TM (Transportation Management)? 

Answer: in Basic Transportation Management, the above RED Box with White Text are the Basic TM Documents:

Freight Unit (FU)

Freight Unit is a document in SAP TM that represents a transportation requirement, a FU can contain quantities for a SKU with or without HU (packing) from an Inbound Delivery or Outbound Delivery document. Via the "Freight Unit Building Rule", the system can automatically generated one or more FUs (split or combine) SKUs from Delivery Documents. The Freight Unit document can then be used for Transportation Planning where the next step can be included into Freight Booking (for Long Haul like Ocean and Air) or directly into Freight Orders (example for Road Freight and Rail

Freight Order (FO)

Freight Orders are primarily used in SAP TM for land transportation (road freight order) and rail transportation.

• Freight Order is used to include one or more Freight Units to be transported. 
• Subcontracting to 3rd party Transporter (Carrier) or In-house Vehicle.
• Execution data like Plan/Actual departure dates/times and arrival dates/times for the Vehicles. 
• Freight Documents Outputs (such as Airway Bills, Customer-relevant Documents). 
• Communication to 3rd party Transporter (Carrier). 
• Status information from Planning to Execution To Settlement processing. 
• End-to-End detail document flow. 
• Freight Charge Calculation, FSD creation and Posting to Cost Distribution Document, MM PO and SES, as wells as enabling TM costs to be included in SD Billing. 

Freight Agreement (FA)

A Freight Agreement between a Shipper (Company + Purchasing Organization) and a Carrier (Business Partner Vendor) that establishes a long-term contractual relationship and that defines rates for transportation services. The FA document contains Calculations sheet that includes one or more line items with the following:

• Charge Type
• Rate Table
• Scale

The Freight Agreement is then assigned to the Freight Agreement when the Freight Order is processing "Freight Charge Calculation" which will then use the information in the Freight Units (distance, weight etc) to derive the Transportation Cost. 

Freight Settlement Document (FSD)

The Freight Settlement Document (FSD) forms the basis of representing the freight document cost from TM to MM. The FSD is to be reviewed by Shipping officer or Shipping manager, possibly making some amendments before posted the FSD to create a Purchase Order (with Item Category "U" for services) and a Service Entry Sheet (SES) (with Service Masters) with the values from TM charge lines copied to these MM documents. The SES confirmation also is done simultaneously, which creates the necessary financial entries for the value of the Freight Cost to FI and Freight Accrual to Accounts Payable. 

Cost Distribution Document (CDD)

When "Posting" the FSD, TM also create the Cost Distribution Document (CDD). The CSD breakdown and distribute the freight cost at the level of each transportation requirement/demand i.e. Order/Delivery item so that the right financial treatment for the share of the cost could be attributed to appropriate Cost Objects in Controlling.  

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Question: Rate table issue, correct steps to create a Rate Table definition ?

Answer: see the following Blog Post in the recommend steps when creating the "Rate Table Definition" to avoid issues when it is included in a Freight Agreement or Freight Order.
https://froggysap.blogspot.com/2024/09/sap-tm-steps-in-calculate-rate-table.html

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Question: Show the Cost Distribution and SD billing TM Cost

Answer: see the following link to Presentation

https://docs.google.com/presentation/TMCostSettlement_Distribution/

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SAP MM - Manage Held PO

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SAP MM Logistics Invoice Verification - Direct Posting to Material Master Account

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SAP TM - Purchase Order with Ocean Freight Process Flow for Inbound Delivery

 

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Question no 4015 : Material Type Qty and Value Update control for Purchasing Scenario

In SAP Material Management, which of the following, which of the following Material results in when Purchase Order creation requires an Account Assignment ?


A. Materials with Material Type for the Plant without Qty and without Value update.
B. Materials with Material Type for the Plant with Qty updated but without Value update.
C. Materials with Material Type for the Plant without Qty update but with Value update.
D. Materials with Material Type for the Plant with Qty and Value update.
E. All of the above.

Answer: A, B

A. Material type "without Qty update" and "without Value update" - an example of Material Type "NLAG" (Non-Stock Material) is a case of Purchase Order that requires Account Assignment which is an example of Consumables Scenario.

B. Material type "with Qty update" and "without Value update" - an example of Material Type "UNBW" (Non-Valuated Material) is also a case of Goods Receipt with Qty and Stocks no longer have Value as Values are charged to Account Assignment in the Purchase Order at Goods Receipt.

C. It is not possible to configure a Material Type "without Qty update" and "with Value update".

D. For Materials created using Material Type settings with Qty updating and with Value updating is designed basic practice of Material receiving into Stock with Quantity as well as Stock value. 

SAP MM - Planned Delivery Time in Material, Vendor and Purchasing Info Record (S/4 2023)

 

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Q&A in Class (2024-09-20) S4500

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Question: What is the difference and use of the Purchasing Group assign in the Material Master and the Business Partner Vendor?

Refer to the Blog Post link below for the detail demonstration of the above scenario:
https://froggysap.blogspot.com/2024/09/sap-mm-purchasing-group-in-material.html

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Question: Demonstrating the Accounting Posting of Material with Standard Price and Moving Average Price from PO, GR to Invoice entry with Material Ledger in S/4HANA 2023.

Refer to the Blog Post link below for the detail demonstration of the above scenario:

https://froggysap.blogspot.com/2024/09/sap-mm-standard-price-vs-moving-average.html

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Question: How the Planned Delivery Time in the Vendor Master and Planned Delivery Time in the Material Master are DEFAULTED to the Purchasing Info Record, and subsequently these 3 Planned Delivery Times are further Defaulted to the Purchase Requisition or Purchase Order?

Refer to the Blog Post link below for the detail demonstration of the above scenario:

******* PENDING ******* 

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Question: the Case and processing step for LEAN Service introduced in S/4HANA.

Refer to the Blog Post link below for the detail demonstration of the above scenario:

https://froggysap.blogspot.com/2023/01/s4-mm-lean-service-scenario-with.html

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Question: Show again the basic processing steps for Self-Service Procurement.

Refer to the Blog Post link below for the general demonstration of the above scenario:

https://froggysap.blogspot.com/2024/02/sap-mm-procurement-process-employee.html

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Summary of Exercise Requirement for Auto PO and Source List Requirement 

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SAP MM - Standard Price vs Moving Average Price with Material Ledger (S/4HANA 2023)

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SAP MM- Purchasing Group in Material Master and Business Partner Vendor

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SAP MM - MM Stock Value and FI Stock Value in-Consistency

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SAP MM - Special Stock "O" (Subcontracting) Vendor

 

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SAP PM - Change Priority Type and Priority for Maintenance Plan

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SAP PM - Maintenance Plan Costing (IP31)

 

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SAP PM - MD Task List Costing

 

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Q&A in Class (2024-09-13) PLM310

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Question: Provide commonly used t-code list for Preventive Maintenance Processing.

Refer to the Blog Post link below:
https://froggysap.blogspot.com/2024/09/plant-maintenance-common-t-codes-and.html

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Question: Task List Costing explanation in more detail.

Refer to the Blog Post link below:
https://froggysap.blogspot.com/2024/09/sap-pm-md-task-list-costing.html

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Question: Maintenance Plan Costing Simulation online and background

In IP31 for calculating Maintenance Plan Costing step must be:

1. Run selected Maintenance Plan in the Background (Immediate or Scheduled)
2. Display Costing

Refer to the Blog Post link below:
https://froggysap.blogspot.com/2024/09/sap-pm-maintenance-plan-costing-ip31.html

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Plant Maintenance Common T-codes and Configuration Menu Paths

 

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Question no 4014 : a new Plant setup for Material Ledger

In SAP Controlling, when activating a new Plant for Material Ledger in S/4, which of the following are relevant ?

A) Material Type requires Quantity and Value update setting for the new Plant.
B) CKMSTART required for Production Start-ups for Material Management.
C) Assign an appropriate Material Ledger type to the Plant/Valuation area.
D) Ensure no Material Management Postings before Material Ledger activation was completed.
E) When creating the first material, do not forget to select "ML" to activate the Material Ledger in the Accounting view
.

Answer: A, B, C, D

A) If Material Type is without Qty and Value Update, the Material created with that Material Type will still be without Material Ledger.
B, D) CKMSTART is required to prepare postings to MM, it is therefore highly recommended to not have any MM Postings before CKMSTART.
C) Material Ledger Type assignment is the Pre-requisite to activate the Material Ledger for the new Valuation Area/Plant.

Refer to the latest STEPs recommended by SAP Documentation for Material Ledger activation depending on the version of SAP implemented.

Product Cost Planning - Mixed Costing of Procurement Alternative

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SAP PM - Measuring Reading Transfer for MP from Superior EQ to MPs of Sub EQs (S/4HANA)

 

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SAP PM - Multi-Cycle Performance Based (Engine Hours)

 

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Q&A in Class (2024-09-06) PLM300

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Question: To show Simulation of Multi-Cycle Performance-Based Maintenance based on Engine Hours.

See the following Blog Post link for the detail presentation:
https://froggysap.blogspot.com/2024/09/sap-pm-multi-cycle-performance-based.html

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Question: The number 1-12 referring to Months of the Year, the 2 Technical Object which are Container 1 and Container 2 requires Monthly Maintenance as below:

Container 1: Preventive Maintenance is Month 1,2,3,4,5,6 and no need for Period 7-12

Container 2: Preventive Maintenance is Month 7,8,9,10,11,12 and no need for Period 1-6

And the same will repeat for the next year. 

In SAP, the Maintenance Plan created for Monthly Cycle will always create MO for ALL Periods, the question is how to avoid scheduling any MO for Periods 7-12 for Container 1 as well as to avoid scheduling any MO for Periods 1-6 for Container 2. 

Answer: Refer to the Blog Post link below for recommended Solution:
https://froggysap.blogspot.com/2024/09/sap-pm-fixed-and-skipped-status-use.html

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SAP PM - Fixed and Skipped Status use case for Preventive Maintenance

 

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SAP WMS - Handling Unit Management and Storage Unit Management

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